Albert Camus’s The Stranger is a seminal work of existentialist literature, exploring themes of absurdism and moral ambiguity through its enigmatic protagonist, Meursault.

1.1 Overview of the Novel

The Stranger, published in 1942, is a novella by Albert Camus that explores themes of absurdism and existentialism. The story follows Meursault, a detached and indifferent young man, as he navigates a series of events leading to a senseless murder on an Algerian beach. Through Meursault’s morally ambiguous actions and reflections, Camus examines the absurdity of human existence and societal norms, creating a profound philosophical narrative.

1.2 Historical Context of Publication

Published in 1942, The Stranger emerged during World War II, a time of global upheaval. Albert Camus, a French-Algerian author, crafted the novella against the backdrop of existential crises and societal chaos. The book’s themes of absurdism and moral ambiguity resonated with post-war philosophical debates, establishing it as a cornerstone of 20th-century literature and cementing Camus’s reputation as a leading existentialist thinker.

Key Themes in “The Stranger”

The novella explores absurdism, existentialism, and moral ambiguity, delving into the meaninglessness of life and societal norms through Meursault’s indifferent yet thought-provoking narrative.

2.1 Absurdism and Existentialism

Albert Camus’s The Stranger embodies the philosophy of absurdism, where life’s inherent meaninglessness is contrasted with humanity’s desire for purpose. Through Meursault’s detached narrative, Camus explores existentialist themes, questioning moral constructs and societal expectations. The novel’s focus on the absurd highlights the futility of seeking rationality in an indifferent world, aligning with Camus’s belief in the individual’s freedom to create their own meaning.

2.2 Morality and Indifference

Meursault’s moral ambiguity and detachment from societal norms highlight Camus’s exploration of morality and indifference. His lack of remorse for killing the Arab man and emotional detachment from his mother’s death challenge traditional moral frameworks. The novel portrays a world where moral judgment is arbitrary, emphasizing the individual’s freedom to define their own moral code in an indifferent universe.

The Protagonist: Meursault

Meursault, the protagonist, is an ordinary man driven by physical sensations rather than emotions, embodying Camus’s philosophy of absurdism through his detached and practical approach to life.

3.1 Character Analysis

Meursault, the protagonist of The Stranger, is a detached and morally ambiguous character. His actions are driven by physical sensations rather than emotional depth, reflecting Camus’s exploration of absurdism. Meursault’s indifference to societal norms and his acceptance of life’s meaninglessness underscore his role as an embodiment of existentialist philosophy. His practical approach to situations, devoid of sentimental attachment, further highlights his complex and enigmatic personality.

3.2 Moral Ambiguity and Detachment

Meursault’s moral ambiguity stems from his detachment, as he navigates life without emotional depth or societal expectations. His indifference to conventional morality, evident in his practical actions and lack of remorse, challenges readers to question their own moral frameworks. This detachment reflects Camus’s exploration of absurdism, where Meursault’s actions, though seemingly amoral, align with his acceptance of life’s inherent meaninglessness and unpredictability.